Compound Words in Technological Contexts

Compound Words in Technological Contexts Compound Words in Technological Contexts Compound Words in Technological Contexts By Mark Nichol â€Å"Cell phone,† or cellphone? â€Å"Home page,† or homepage? â€Å"Touch screen,† or touchscreen? Should such compounds be open, or closed? We see them both ways, so it’s difficult to know how to treat them unless you use one simple test: Choose the form based on the context. The natural progression for styling compound words is open to closed, often (but not always) with a hyphenated form as an interim phase. No ruling body authorizes the transformation, and no pattern or logic regarding the time frame applies from one compound to another. Some compounds stubbornly resist closing (â€Å"real estate†) or cling to their hyphens (mind-set), but closure is almost invariably inevitable. Thus, for example, â€Å"sea water† at some arbitrary point transformed into seawater, with a transitional period in which both forms were commonly used, followed by preponderant use of the new form (though the old form nearly always persists to some extent). Technological terms are a special case, for various reasons, including that they are coined by technologically minded people, who are not necessarily concerned about adherence to grammatical norms, and that, in the case of programming vocabulary, the practical issue of having a single string of characters to enter into a program is integral. Therefore, compounds referring to technological devices and procedures are likely to begin life as closed compounds or to be adopted in technological contexts in closed form. And that’s the key to knowing how to treat them: In general-purpose publications, you’ll likely see â€Å"file name† and â€Å"screen saver† and â€Å"voice mail,† whereas in high-tech periodicals and on high-tech websites, you’ll probably find filename and screensaver and voicemail. (There are exceptions of course; note that on this site, I have reluctantly adopted website in place of â€Å"Web site,† and I have always preferred email to e-mail.) Consider your audience, and style technological terms as appropriate. And when in doubt, depending on the context in which you are writing or editing, consult mainstream or specialized publications for models. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesPeace of Mind and A Piece of One's Mind45 Idioms with "Roll"

Governance issues in a family business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Governance issues in a family business - Essay Example Conflicts can be avoided and resolved if arise because of good governance strategies that govern not only the business but also the family that runs that business. In this paper, I intend to describe a family business I learnt about on the internet and a governance issue related to it. Many small and medium sized family businesses are running in India today that contribute a great percentage of GDP to the country. But most businesses survive only until the third generation and very few pass on to the fourth generation because of generational conflicts and difference of opinions and perspectives between the elders and the youngsters of the coming generations. The family business I learnt about was the Ambani Family of the Reliance Industries Limited (RIL). It is â€Å"the largest private sector enterprise in India, a Fortune 500 company, and one of the largest private sector conglomerates in the world† (Shah). In this business, the family relationships once held very much impor tance in determining the business position of a family member. According to Reliance Industries Limited, Backward vertical integration has been the cornerstone of the evolution and growth of Reliance. Starting with textiles in the late seventies, Reliance pursued a strategy of backward vertical integration - in polyester, fibre intermediates, plastics, petrochemicals, petroleum refining and oil and gas exploration and production - to be fully integrated along the materials and energy value chain. Common governance issues that normally arise in Indian family businesses include decision-making being centralized; proxy sons holding control; owner becoming larger than the business; and a lack of strategies. The Ambani family had power, wealth, and control. After the death of Dhirubhai Ambani, his sons Mukesh and Anil split up and the family business broke. The governance issue here was the fights and conflicts between the family members who ran the business. Neither the higher education al degrees nor the experience could save the family squabbles to occur. A dispute over the control of power was the main governance issue that resulted in the splitting of the business. The dispute began with conflicts over roles in July 2002 and continues till the current disagreement over the price of natural gas when the brothers started accusing each other drawing government ministers and other politicians into the battle. Ambani versus Ambani rivalry has made the two brothers lose a big US$1 billion project in a competition to win the Mumbai Trans Harbor Link, and fame of course. Governance issues like this one bring bad name to the organization and are the main cause of splitting up or failure of a business that was running smoothly and earning large profits before the dispute. What we can learn from this particular case is that the family members especially those who are so close to each other like brothers, should make certain family pacts and policies before starting the al liance so that they know what are their limits and what needs to be done in case of a conflict. The family members should most necessarily be able to keep their family relationships and the business relationships apart so that both do not coincide and result into a dispute that is aired by bad family relationships. It is very hard in family businesses for the partners to keep their otherwise relations apart from

Luigi's Family Food Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Luigi's Family Food - Case Study Example Luigi’s Family Foods Pizza is also a frozen pizza firm in Chicago which has reputation in the market but recently the firm has encountered a sharp decline in the market sales and share. Marketing director of the company, Reggie Pantazi chalks out some future differentiation strategies which would help the company in reversing the declining trend of their market share and evolve as a leading player in the frozen pizza market. The paper in the initial stage will discuss the major competency of the firm and elucidate the competitive and consumer environment of the firm and then will discuss the pros and cons of the strategies adapted by Reggie. Competencies of the firm, competitive and consumer environment Luigi’s Family Foods is a medium sized company established in Chicago with a diversified portfolio of grocery chains, line of frozen pizza distributed regionally in the Midwest. The firms delivers pizzas with moderate qualities which are mainly available in standard vari eties like all cheese, cheese and pepperoni, and cheese and sausage) with various sizes as 5 inch snack pizza, 10 inch family-size pizza, and a 14 inch deluxe pizza. The company has involved in the marketing of the products through several advertising campaigns but there has been sharp decline in the sales figure of the firm for which many grocers threatened to discontinue the Luigi’s Family Pizza (Luigi’s Family Food Case). Among the chief competitors recently The Pizza Company introduced a new brand, DiGiorno with a crust that rises for the first time when the pizza is baked in the home, thereby providing the same fresh-baked taste as carry-out pizza and thereby creating a competitive edge(Luigi’s Family Food Case).The market for the frozen pizzas have categorized into 4 categories like the regular pizza (e.g. the Tombstone brand), premium pizza (e.g. DiGiorno, commanding a higher price due to the quantity and quality of ingredients and â€Å"eating experienc e†), gourmet pizza (e.g. Wolfgang Puck’s specialty toppings pizzas), and the less expensive â€Å"fill-‘em-up† brands (e.g. private label). Although the traditional toppings are the America’s favorite, but still the specialty toppings have become more popular through companies like Wolfgang Puck Foods. Among the other major competitors are Kraft’s DiGiorno and Schwan’s Freschetta which also possesses solid market shares (Holocomb). Evaluation of the five options as proposed by Reggie Pantazi The marketing manager of the pizza company, Reggie Pantazi sorted out five different policies in mind to accelerate the sales of the company. The policies which were formulated by Pantazi were advertising, extending health line, establishment of premium line, pizza pockets, and establishment of supply food service companies. But for fetching optimized results the company needs to formulate and implement a perfect blend of marketing mix policies. Mar keting concept and marketing Mix policy The marketing concept plays a predominant role in chalking out the best decision that the firm must adapt in order to maximize its profit motives subject to the budget constraints. The firm has to think from the production angle as well as the sales want. In the production angle keeping the customers want as the baseline the firm should realize its potential to develop the product. From

Nursing Intervention for Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Nursing Intervention for Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) The physical and emotional symptoms of PMS are common but it doesnt mean that all girls will develop PMS. The symptoms start about a week or two weeks prior to the period for most of the girls who experience PMS. Life style changes including dietary modifications are the commonly used to treat the symptoms (www.youngwomenshealth.org) The cause of PMS is explained with list of given biological theories. It including conditions likes deficiency of progesterone in the luteal phase of menstrual cycle and deficiencies of vitamin. As per the researchers 70% to 90% of women experience PMS during child bearing years at some time, it usually happens at the age of 25 to 45. (http/nhs.us/conditions/pms) Estrogen and progesterone are two essential hormones involved during ovulation and menstruation .There are certain hormonal changes namely rise in estrogen and fall in progesterone during PMS. When estrogen / progesterone ratio is high it interferes with brain neurotransmitters which control the basic unit of mood and pain. Regular menstrual cycle among women is natural process PMS is included as a part of it. The incidences of PMS are caused by other factors also. The other factors identified are hereditary, caffeine, stress, aging, medical history, tobacco, family history and diet plays a vital role (www.goodeveningworld.com) The environmental play a important role in influences on PMS causing different other symptoms. Some researchers categorized four types of PMS. Some of the women may present with only one type of PMS, some can have 2 or 3 types, and few women have all four types. PMS-A is related with anxiousness and tension of the muscles. PMS-C includes cravings for sweets, dark chocolates and carbohydrate rich diet. PMS-D refers to emotional problems prior to menstruation. PMS-H includes tenderness in the breast and gain in weight because of retention of water. (http/www.individualizednutrition.com) There are different types of supplements naturally done which can highly cause reduction of the symptoms of PMS. Continuously using fish oil for two months is beneficial in reducing PMS symptoms. Fatigue, irritability, tenderness of breast and extremities swelling can be relieved by using evening primrose oil (http/www.individualizednutrition.com) NEED FOR THE STUDY PMS usually happens one week or 2 weeks prior to periods. Totally 150 symptoms are actually found which occurs during PMS. The identified common symptoms are mood disturbances, tenderness of breast, bloating of the abdomen, acne, cravings for certain foods, increased appetite and thirsty feeling and fatigue. Other symptoms included are difficulty in passing stools and loose stools, feeling irritated, mood change and feeling down. (www.pmsfacts.com) As there is no specific laboratory test to diagnose PMS, in order to establish a pattern, a gynecologist ask the patient to record her symptoms at least for two menstrual cycles. This will help to establish if the symptoms are truly premenstrual and predictably recurring. If symptoms increase in 30% in six days before menstruation, then it is identified case of pre menstrual syndrome needs treatment (www.goodevening world.com) The premenstrual symptom is a complex one. Many women experience this symptoms ranging from moderate to severe. To manage PMS the initial step is daily regular exercise and change in diet. A life style changes is sufficient to control symptoms for women with mild symptoms. (www.about.com) The treatment of PMS varies from woman to woman; the patient is advised on various treatment modalities like diet, home remedies, contraceptives, exercise, herbal treatment, dietary supplements, and diuretics. (www.goodeveningworld.com) Studies revealed that many foods including soy, green leafy vegetables and fresh fruit, nuts and seeds are really effective in balancing the hormone. The women who sufferers with PMS are advised to make changes in diet such as consumption of fresh fruits, green leafy vegetables, cereals and whole grains, dairy products of low fat and sea foods. It is recommended that having frequent meals in small quantity each day helps to reduce fullness and abdominal bloating.(www.faqs.org/nutrition) Research in this area can be given high priority since these symptoms will affect females daily routine activity. Several studies highlighted that the symptoms can be improved with plenty of sleep, vitamin supplements and exercise. Even non- pharmacological measure like healthy diet, life style changes, some home remedies which indirectly contribute to reduce the symptoms. These aspects impressed the researcher, thereby felt the need do a study in this same area and to find the effectiveness on Planned Nursing Intervention on management of PMS among college students who has been experiencing pre menstrual syndrome. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A study to evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Nursing Intervention on management of Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) in terms of intensity of symptoms, knowledge and attitude among college girls in a selected educational institution, Salem. OBJECTIVES To prepare and validate the Planned Nursing Intervention on management of PMS among samples. To assess and compare the mean pre-test and mean post-test intensity of PMS among samples. To assess and compare mean pre-test and mean post-test knowledge score on management of PMS among samples. To assess and compare mean pre-test and mean post-test attitude score on PMS among samples. To find association between the pre-test level of knowledge on management of PMS among samples and their selected demographic variables- age at menarche and family history of PMS. HYPOTHESES: (Level of significance p

Natural Environment and Early Human Development Essay

In order to support the idea of nurture influences on early human development, psychologists have done some researches on several factors of early human development. One of these factors is motor development. All children go through the same stages which begin with rolling over and end by walking. However, it seems that motor behaviours can be improved by practice or encouragement. This belief is supported by Zelazo and Kolb (1972) who did an experiment where infants, who were given stepping practice during the first two months, began walking five to seven weeks earlier than babies who had no practice. Such a result can be considered as an environmental influence. Another factor, which has been researched, is speech development. Speech can be improved by more talking with babies or rewarding them for making speech sounds. Kagan (1979) claimed that children, who were reared in middle-class American homes, begin to speak one year earlier than children reared in some villages such as San Marcos due to the fact that these children, culturally, have little â€Å"verbal interaction† with adults. This research assures the importance of the environments, nurture, in early human development. In conclusion, psychologists and scientist have been arguing as to whether nature or nurture has more influence on early human development. As a result both heredity or the nature and environment or nurture are important factors in shaping human personality, but environment is the more important one. Because nature only goes so far whereas further growth and development is formed by the environment’s influence on early human development.

Comparing and Contrasting Cartoons - 1710 Words

Both of the following two texts, a cartoon strip and an extract from a memoir, share similarities and differences regarding the theme and context, audience, purpose as well as certain formal and stylistic features. The first extract is a cartoon strip written in 1986 by Cathy Guisewite. The cartoon features four panels with three female characters with narrations and speech bubbles to emphasize dialogue and the message regarding women’s rights and sex stereotyping. The context of the cartoon is to show the inequalities between genders. This is evident, when the women begin to associate boys with certain stereotypes such as â€Å"strong† and â€Å"tough†. Therefore indicating that women and girls today are portrayed to be the opposite. The†¦show more content†¦This therefore emphasizes what the roles of wome in Persia used to be. The theme of gender discrimination is also used in certain parts of the extract. This is apparent when Guppy is describing herself being born and uses the thought of her father having â€Å"preferred a boy, as men always did in those days† in order to reinforce the theme. The hardships faced in Persia before the changes towards gender equality and women’s rights took place is evident when Guppy e xpresses the opinion of her father by using the quote, â€Å"Not because boys are better, but because women suffer more.† Therefore indicating that before the changes took place in Persia there was once a distinct difference in terms of rights and equality between men and women. The use of the word â€Å"more† could also indicate the cultural, social or religious positions regarding the women in Persia. The extracts focuses on the new and changing Persia and the fact that women were now created more equally to men. This is evident by the abolishment of the veil, let women becoming emancipated, and their opportunity’s to be able to go to school and university as well as them being able to take up new professions. However, the text also focuses on the fact that many people in Persia had â€Å"found it hard to accept these improvements and to adjust their attitudes.† The use of the word â€Å"attitudes† is perhaps used to show that there is mixed opinions regarding women’sShow MoreRelatedEssay about Experiment Assignment 3 1 953 Words   |  4 Pagesthe three types of programs (do not code behavior in commercials). Record every aggressive act and prosocial act. Some categories will have several acts. 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One might even compare multimedia to differentiated instruction since there are so many learning styles out

Information Systems With Clinical Decision Support

Question 1- Answer: When organizations are implementing information systems with clinical decision support, they hold on to these ten commandments for successful clinical decision support. The creators trust that the key apparatus for health care will be data frameworks that give decision support to clients at the time they decide, which ought to bring about enhanced nature of consideration. Moreover, suppliers make numerous blunders, and clinical decision support can be valuable for finding and anticipating such mistakes. In the course of the most recent eight years the creators have actualized and examined the effect of decision support over a wide cluster of areas and have found various regular components†¦show more content†¦It is insufficient for the data a supplier needs to just be accessible somewhere in the framework—applications must suspect clinician needs and convey data to clinicians at the time they require it. Simply making data available electronically, while superior to anything nothing, has little effect. Systems can serve the basic part of social affair and making relationship between bits of data that clinicians may miss due to the sheer volume of information. For instance- Underlining a low-potassium level in a patient receiving the digoxin helps to not miss this point. 2. Little things can make a big difference—improve usability to do the right thing. Here usability matters more. Creator must make it simple for a clinician to make the best choice. In the human variables world, usability testing has tremendously affected enhancing systems. For instance, in one application, when the default was set to have clinicians enter the analysis as free content as opposed to from a code list underneath, a much bigger extent of judgments were entered as free content than when we had defaulted to the in all probability coded alternative. For sample, suppliers did not get updates about diabetes if diabetes was entered as free content. 3. Recognize that physicians will resist stopping—offer alternatives rather than insist on stopping an action. Over a wide exhibit